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1968년 ~ 2024년까지 1,211 건의 한국천문학회지를 격월간 확인하실 수 있습니다.
- The Korean Astronomical Society (The Korean Astronomical Society)
- 계간 (Quarterly)
- ISSN : 1225-4614 (ISSN : 1225-4614)
1225-4614
- DB구축현황 : 1,211건 (DB Construction : 1,211 Articles)
총 게시글 1,211건
페이지 61/122
601
- SARAZIN CRAIG L.
- Journal of the Korean astronomical society = 천문학회지
- 37, n.5
- pp.433-438
- 2004
- 원문 바로보기
Clusters of galaxies generally form by the gravitational merger of smaller clusters and groups. Major cluster mergers are the most energetic events in the Universe since the Big Bang. The basic properties of cluster mergers and their effects are discussed. Mergers drive shocks into the intracluster gas, and these shocks heat the intracluster gas. As a result of the impulsive heating and compression associated with mergers, there is a large transient increase in the X-ray luminosities and temperatures of merging clusters. These merger boost can affect X-ray surveys of clusters and their cosmological interpretation. Similar boosts occur in the strong lensing cross-sections and Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect in merging clusters. Merger shock and turbulence associated with mergers should also (re)accelerate nonthermal relativistic particles. As a result of particle acceleration in shocks and turbulent acceleration following mergers, clusters of galaxies should contain very large populations of relativistic electrons and ions. Observations and models for the radio, extreme ultraviolet, hard X-ray, and gamma-ray emission from nonthermal particles accelerated in these shocks will also be described. Gamma-ray observations with GLAST seem particularly promising.
602
- CLARKE TRACY E.
- Journal of the Korean astronomical society = 천문학회지
- 37, n.5
- pp.337-342
- 2004
- 원문 바로보기
The presence of magnetic fields in the intracluster medium in clusters of galaxies has been revealed through several different observational techniques. These fields may be dynamically important in clusters as they will provide additional pressure support to the intracluster medium as well as inhibit transport mechanisms such as thermal conduction. Here, we review the current observational state of Faraday rotation measure studies of the cluster fields. The fields are generally found to be a few to 10 <TEX>$\mu$</TEX>G in non-cooling core clusters and ordered on scales of 10 - 20 kpc. Studies of sources at large impact parameters show that the magnetic fields extend from cluster cores to radii of at least 500 kpc. In central regions of cooling core systems the field strengths are often somewhat higher (10 - 40 <TEX>$\mu$</TEX>G) and appear to be ordered on smaller scales of a few to 10 kpc. We also review some of the recent work on interpreting Faraday rotation measure observations through theory and numerical simulations. These techniques allow us to build up a much more detailed view of the strength and topology of the fields.
603
- SUTO YASUSHI
- Journal of the Korean astronomical society = 천문학회지
- 37, n.5
- pp.387-392
- 2004
- 원문 바로보기
X-ray observations of galaxy clusters have played an important role in cosmology, especially in determining the cosmological density parameter and the fluctuation amplitude. While they represent the bright side of the universe together with the other probes including the cosmic microwave background and the Type Ia supernovae, the resulting information clearly indicates that the universe is dominated by dark components. Even most of cosmic baryons turns out to be dark. In order to elucidate the nature of dark baryons, we propose a dedicated soft-X-ray mission, DIOS (Diffuse Intergalactic Oxygen Surveyor). Recent numerical simulations suggest that approximately 30 to 50 percent of total baryons at z = 0 take the form of the warm-hot intergalactic medium (WHIM) with <TEX>$10^5K < T < 10^7K $</TEX>which has evaded the direct detection so far. The unprecedented energy resolution (<TEX>${\~} 2eV$</TEX>) of the XSA (X-ray Spectrometer Array) on-board DIGS enables us to identify WHIM with gas temperature <TEX>$T = 10^6 {\~} 10^7K$</TEX> and overdensity <TEX>$\delta$</TEX> = 10 <TEX>${\~}$</TEX> 100 located at z < 0.3 through emission lines of OVII and OVIII. In addition, WHIMs surrounding nearby clusters are detectable with a typical exposure time of a day, and thus constitute realistic and promising targets for DIOS.
604
- KIM SUNGEUN
- Journal of the Korean astronomical society = 천문학회지
- 37, n.4
- pp.211-216
- 2004
- 원문 바로보기
We present the results of an H I aperture synthesis mosaic of the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC), made by combining data from 1344 separate pointing centers using the Australia Telescope Compact' Array (ATCA) and the Parkes multibeam receiver. The resolution of the mosaiced images is 50' (<15 pc, using a distance to the LMC of 55kpc). This mosaic, with a spatial resolution .15 times higher than that which had been previously obtained, emphasises the turbulent and fractal structure of the ISM on the small scale, resulting from the dynamical feedback of the star formation processes with the ISM. We also have done a widefield panoramic survey of H<TEX>$\alpha$</TEX> emission from the Magellanic Clouds with an imager mounted on the 16-inch telescope at Siding Spring Observatory. This survey produced H<TEX>$\alpha$</TEX> images which are equal to the ATCA survey in area coverage and resolution. This survey allows us to produce a continuum-subtracted image of the entire LMC. In contrast with its appearance in the H<TEX>$\alpha$</TEX> image, the LMC is remarkably symmetric in H I on the largest scales, with the bulk of the H I residing in a disk of diameter 8. <TEX>$^{\circ}4$</TEX> (7.3 kpc) and a spiral structure is clearly seen. The structure of the neutral atomic ISM in the LMC is dominated by H I filaments combined with numerous shells and holes.
605
- KIM JONGSOO
- Journal of the Korean astronomical society = 천문학회지
- 37, n.4
- pp.237-241
- 2004
- 원문 바로보기
We perform numerical experiments on supernova-driven turbulent flows in order to see whether or not supernovae playa major role in driving turbulence in the interstellar medium. In a <TEX>$(200pc)^3$</TEX> computational box, we set up, as initial conditions, uniformly magnetized gas distributions with different pairs of hydrogen number densities and magnetic field strengths, which cover the observed values in the Galactic midplane. We then explode supernovae at randomly chosen positions at a Galactic explosion rate and follow up the evolution of the supernova-driven turbulent flows by integrating numerically the ideal MHD equations with cooling and heating terms. From the numerical experiments we find that the density-weighted velocity dispersions of the flows are in the range of 5-10 km <TEX>$s^{-l}$</TEX>, which are consistent with the observed velocity dispersions of cold and warm neutral media. Additionally, we find that strong compressible flows driven by supernova explosions quickly change into solenoidal flows.
606
- LEE S. M.
- Journal of the Korean astronomical society = 천문학회지
- 37, n.4
- pp.249-255
- 2004
- 원문 바로보기
Here we present a linear stability analysis and an MHD 2D model for the Parker-Jeans instability in the Galactic gaseous disk. The magnetic field is assumed parallel to a Galactic spiral arm, and the gaseous disk is modelled as a multi-component, magnetized, and isothermal gas layer. The model employs the observed vertical stratifications for the gas density and the gravitational acceleration in the Solar neighborhood, and the self-gravity of the gas is also included. By solving Poisson's equation for the gas density stratification, we determine the vertical acceleration due to self-gravity as a function of z. Subtracting it from the observed gravitational acceleration, we separate the total acceleration into self and external gravities. The linear stability analysis provides the corresponding dispersion relations. The time and length scales of the fastest growing mode of the Parker-Jeans instability are about 40 Myr and 3.3 kpc, respectively. In order to confirm the linear stability analysis, we have performed two-dimensional MHD simulations. These show that the Parker-Jeans instability under the self and external gravities evolves into a quasi-equilibrium state, creating condensations on the northern and southern sides of the plane, in an alternate manner.
607
- SUH KYUNG- WON
- Journal of the Korean astronomical society = 천문학회지
- 37, n.4
- pp.289-294
- 2004
- 원문 바로보기
The main sources of interstellar dust are believed to be dust envelopes around AGB stars. The outflowing envelopes around the long period pulsating variables are very suitable place for massive dust formation. Oxygen-rich silicate dust grains or carbon-rich dust grains form in the envelopes around AGB stars depending on the chemical composition of the stellar surface. The dust grains expelled from AGB stars get mixed up and go through some physical and chemical changes in interstellar medium. There are similarities and differences between interstellar dust and dust grains in AGB stars. The mass cycle in the Galaxy may be best manifested by the fact that the dust grains at various regions have many similarities and understandable differences.
608
- INOUE SUSUMU
- Journal of the Korean astronomical society = 천문학회지
- 37, n.5
- pp.447-454
- 2004
- 원문 바로보기
During the hierarchical formation of large scale structure in the universe, the progressive collapse and merging of dark matter should inevitably drive shocks into the gas, with nonthermal particle acceleration as a natural consequence. Two topics in this regard are discussed, emphasizing what important things nonthermal phenomena may tell us about the structure formation (SF) process itself. 1. Inverse Compton gamma-rays from large scale SF shocks and non-gravitational effects, and the implications for probing the warm-hot intergalactic medium. We utilize a semi-analytic approach based on Monte Carlo merger trees that treats both merger and accretion shocks self-consistently. 2. Production of <TEX>$^6Li$</TEX> by cosmic rays from SF shocks in the early Galaxy, and the implications for probing Galaxy formation and uncertain physics on sub-Galactic scales. Our new observations of metal-poor halo stars with the Subaru High Dispersion Spectrograph are highlighted.
609
- BOWYER STUART
- Journal of the Korean astronomical society = 천문학회지
- 37, n.5
- pp.579-581
- 2004
- 원문 바로보기
Recently, claims have been made of the detection of 'warm-hot' gas in the intergalactic medium. Kaastra et al. (2003) claimed detection of <TEX>${\~} 10^6$</TEX> K material in the Coma Cluster but studies by Arnaud et al. (2001), and our analysis of the Chandra observations of Coma (Vikhlinin et al. 2001), find no evidence for a <TEX>$10^6$</TEX> K gas in the cluster. Finoguenov et al. (2003) claimed the detection of <TEX>$3 {\times} 10^6$</TEX> gas slightly off-center from the Coma Cluster. However, our analysis of ROSAT data from this region shows no excess in this region. We propose an alternative explanation which resolves all these conflicting reports. A number of studies (e.g. Robertson et al., 2001) have shown that the local interstellar medium undergoes charge exchange with the solar wind. The resulting recombination spectrum shows lines of O VII and O VIII (Wargelin et al. 2004). Robertson & Cravens (2003) have .shown that as much as <TEX>$25\%$</TEX> of the Galactic polar flux is heliospheric recombination radiation and that this component is highly variable. Sporadic heliospheric emission could account for all the claims of detections of 'warm-hot' gas and explain the conflicts cited above.
610
- KRONBER PHILIPP P.
- Journal of the Korean astronomical society = 천문학회지
- 37, n.5
- pp.501-507
- 2004
- 원문 바로보기
The uniquely large dimensions of Giant radio galaxies (GRGs) make it possible to probe for stringent limits on total energy content, Faraday rotation, Alfven speeds, particle transport and radiation loss times. All of these quantities are more stringently limited or specified for GRG's than in more 'normal' FRII radio sources. I discuss how both global and detailed analyses of GRG's lead to constraints on the CR electron acceleration mechanisms in GRG's and by extension in all FRII radio sources. The properties of GRG's appear to rule out large scale Fermi-type shock acceleration. The plasma parameters in these systems set up conditions that are favorable for magnetic reconnection, or some other very efficient process of conversion of magnetic to particle energy. We conclude that whatever mechanism operates in GRG's is probably the primary extragalactic CR acceleration mechanism in the Universe.